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SOURCE
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Military - Suppressive Fire
Military psychology
sub-branch of different psychology disciplines
- research
- design
- application
of psychological theories
- understanding, predicting, and countering behaviours
- in friendly or enemy forces (or civilian)
- which may potentially be undesirable to military ops
provides tools - survive stresses of war
military confront specific combination
(of otherwise generic) stressors
military psychology studies unique
blend of stresses
applicable to military
psychological trauma
- flashbacks
- PTSD
- sleep disturbance
- relationship problems
Tactical psychology
contact with enemy / front-line soldier
combines psychology & historical analysis
devise tactics to make enemy:
instead of fight
eg. 'suppressive fire'
suppressive fire
aka covering fire
one of (3) three TYPES of fire support
only effective for duration of fire
fire + is coordinated with manoeuvre of forces
(destroy, neutralise or suppress)
formerly known as 'neutralisation'
neutralisation
= now NATO-defined as fire to render target temporarily f*cked
- ie pinned down, unable to respond due to the intensity of fire
suppressive fire
-- is force which threatens casualties to those exposed
-- willingness to expose depends on:
- - morale
- - motivation
- - leadership
-- suppressive fire used as covering fire
Suppressive fire can be used against:
-- protection of troops w/in range of enemy small arms
(ie covering fire) -- indirect firers [the following, I think?]:
- - mortars
- - artillery
- - ships
- - aircraft
-- enemy air defences
-- other activities: eg construction, logistics
-- for temporary area denial
*unsuitable for prolonged area denial b/c ammo supply constraints
Non-lethal suppression:
-- smoke to blind enemy
-- night: illumination to deny enemy cover
Suppressive weaponry:
-- any capable of intensity of fire for required period suppression
-- but bullet has less suppressive power than artillery shell
-- bullet has 1 metre w/in trajectory
-- artillery shell covers wider range when exploding
-- small arms fire sustained suppression - limit: few minutes
-- air delivered suppression likewise limited by payload limits
*ARTILLERY can suppress area for extended period
Purpose:
stop enemy observing, shooting, moving or carrying out military tasks
Features:
-- suppressive fire only effective while it lasts
-- & if it has sufficient intensity
-- enables covered (vulnerable, on the move) forces to advance to new positions etc, while enemy / target is rendered unable to act b/c of the suppressive fire
Entry says: Marines Tactic
(but I think this is likely common military tactic)
communication + suppressive fire
enables movement on battlefield
Used to extract troops from battle zone:
1. helicopter
2. boat (hot extraction)
Suppressive fire
-- psychological tactic
-- targets keep heads down
-- (depending on variables) can result in target casualties & damage
-- used in close combat zone as covering fire
Suppressive fire - indirect fire systems:
- - mortars
- - artillery
- - ships
- - aircraft
-- important consideration is safety of troops
-- 'fragmenting munitions' indiscriminate & lethal in all directions
Suppressive Fire Tactics
-- first used in the Boer War
-- developed 1915 British WWI
-- unable to smash German trenches or destroy enemy artillery
-- employed artillery suppression fire techniques
-- suppressed enemy artillery to protect attacking infantry
-- allowed infantry to advance
-- thereafter, suppression defining British artillery tactic
-- ammunition used by British: shrapnel
-- target was enemy artillery
Suppression by infantry direct fire weapons
-- usually only used v. targets without:
- -- mutual support from adjacent positions
-- ammunition stocks only for several mins. of sustained firing
Suppressive fire:
-- used WWII amphibious assaults (to enable troop landing)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suppressive_fire
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COMMENT
That was good.
It sounds really exciting.
So anyone who knows anything about the military would know that suppressive fire will last only a few minutes usually and that the other side is either advancing troops, pulling troops, or moving troops, and that it is largely a psychological tactic that can be countered (I think ... I haven't stumbled on the counter-offensive yet).
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